Classification of Governments of Aristotle: Some writers do not make any distinction between state and government. Aristotle made an extensive study of 158 constitutions of his times and on the basis of that he concluded two board principles to discuss the classification of government. As Table B.1 illustrates, first-level COFOG splits expenditure There is Federal, Parliamentary and Democratic Government m India. The cycle of political change given by Aristotle is fully corroborated by the history of the Greek city-states. There are three main forms (government of one, government of a few, and government of many) with two which derive from the main ones: Royalty – Tyranny; Aristocracy – Oligarchy; Constitutional Government – Democracy. The first classification is a tyranny or a monarchy. It is his study of nearly 158 constitutions that helped him understand the implications of revolutions on a politi­cal system. Politics Quotes by Aristotle. In his work, Politics, he … 3. Popular government in the common interest Aristotle calls “ polity ”; he reserves the word “ democracy ” for anarchic mob rule. (5) Aristotle’s cycle of change does not fit in with the development of modern state: The cycle of political change given by Aristotle is applicable only to ancient Greece and Rome and not to modern states. Total loading time: 0.254 If this small minority uses the sovereignty for its own selfish ends, it is Oligarchy. Aristotle’s classification of states is based on two principles: (1) The number of persons who exercise supreme power; (2) The ends they seek to serve self-interest or benefit of the community. It is also not possible to say where Aristocracy ends and Polity begins. The principles were; The number of persons in whom sovereign power is vested, and The end to which the conduct of government … Socrates, Plato, and Aristotle, whose lifetimes spanned a period of only about 150 years, remain among the most important figures in the history of Western philosophy.Aristotle’s most famous student was Philip II’s son Alexander, later to be known as … "newCiteModal": false, Aristotle considered Aristocracy as the best and the polity as the most practical form of government. However, despite being one of the closest disciples of Plato, Aristotle did not become the head of the academy as he had some major differences with respect to Plato’s theory. 3 As we read on in Books IV-VI, however, we find Aristotle working with an apparently rather different system of classification. By Mohammad Zameer Musazai 2. Tyranny. As Table B.1 illustrates, first-level COFOG splits expenditure Classification of government according to Aristotle. In this way, the government continued. Besides, modern forms of government are Parliamentary, Presidential, Unitary and Federal types. There is no guarantee that governments change in order indicated by Aristotle. (7) Aristotle’s classification is not applicable to ideocracy or theocracy: According to Bluntschli, Aristotle’s classification is not applicable to Ideocracy or Theocracy, because in this type of government the supreme power is attributed to God or some other superhuman being or to an idea. Aristotle’s Theory of Revolution Decay and disturbance in political life brought crucial changes in the Governments of the city-state in Greece, made Aristotle to contemplate deeply and to stress the causes of the Revolution and its remedies. Again the goodness and values which the citizens uphold will also be of different kind. 348 BCE), who himself had been a student of Socrates (c. 470–399 BCE). To determine and define the classification of Government College of Arts and Sciences Social Sciences Department Political Science Program LYCEUM NORTHWESTERN UNIVERSITY 3. Abstract. Citizenship: Aristotle’s Book III of Politics is regarded by many as Aristotle’s best work on politics. After Plato's death he left Athens to conduct philosophical and biological research in Asia Mino… Along with his teacher Plato, Aristotle is generally regarded as one of the most influential ancient thinkers in a number of philosophical fields, including political theory. Please use the Get access link above for information on how to access this content. Socrates, Plato, and Aristotle, whose lifetimes spanned a period of only about 150 years, remain among the most important figures in the history of Western philosophy.Aristotle’s most famous student was Philip II’s son Alexander, later to be known as … They were made kings because they were made benefactors and hence benefits could only be bestowed by virtuous men. There is also no scope for a situation when governments change in the order indicated by Aristotle. After World War II, Hitler’s Dictatorship was ended and Democracy was established again in that country’s one part (West Germany). The end of the Nicomachean Ethics declared that the inquiry into ethics necessarily follows into politics, and the two works are frequently considered to be parts of a larger treatise—or perhaps connected lectures—dealing with the "philosophy of human affairs". Government operations are those activities involved in the running of a . Aristotle's Classification of Forms of Government - Volume 6 Issue 7 - W. L. Newman. If a community contains an individual or family of outstanding excellence, then, Aristotle says, monarchy is the best constitution. According to Aristotle, pure monarchy or royalty is government by the One in the interest of all. Forms of Government. But when they rule for their own class interest, it becomes democracy or ochlocracy. But this criticism does not hold good Aristotle, being a disciple of Plato, could not ignore its spiritual aspect. According to him, “The first governments were kingships; probably for this reason, in olden times, when cities were small, men of eminent virtues were few. Aristotle explained in great detail the theory of revolution. Aristocracy also degenerated into oligarchy, which was replaced by polity degenerated into democracy, which was set aside by monarchy. View all Google Scholar citations Classification of Government by Aristotle. Aristotle says when a state is ruled by a single person and he runs the state for the welfare and betterment of his subjects, it is Monarchy. Classification by Geographic Distribution of Power (continued) Chapter 1, Section 2 Federal Government • A federal government is one in which the powers of government are divided between a central government and several local governments. In contrast, rule of law or aristocracy (literally, power [rule] of the best) or even monarchy, where the ruler has the interest of his … Democracy. Full text views reflects PDF downloads, PDFs sent to Google Drive, Dropbox and Kindle and HTML full text views. state for the purpose of producing value for the citizens. The Political Categories of Plato and Aristotle 3. (8) Aristotle’s classification is also criticised for differentiating between Aristocracy and Oligarchy, while modern political thinkers do not attach any importance to this difference. The Normal form of government is one when the ultimate aim of the government is the welfare of the people. Classification of states or government 1. Plato set forth a five-fold classification to describe how the city ought to be governed. Classification of the Functions of Government (COFOG) First- and second-level COFOG Developed by the OECD, the Classification of the Functions of Government (COFOG) classifies government expenditure data from the System of National Accounts by the purpose for which the funds are used. The ruling class soon deteriorated and enriched themselves out of the public treasury. Oligarchy according to. Its perverted form is Tyranny. By Mohammad Zameer Musazai 2. for this article. Six forms of government according to Aristotle and what form is in your country? His classification is of small city-states and not of big states. Modern writers do not agree with this type of classification. Government By Wealth: Rule of Few, Aristocracy, Oligarchy, Government By Number: Rule of Many, Democracy, Mobocracy. Aristotle made an extensive study of 158 constitutions of his times and on the basis of that he concluded two board principles to discuss the classification of government. It is clear from this statement of Aristotle that first of all monarchy war established in the society and the superior person in the society was elected as king. The true spirit of the government is to promote not its own interest but those of the …